BiographyCrawford (Buzz) Holling received his B.A. and M.Sc. at the University of Toronto (1952) and his Ph.D. at the University of British Columbia (1957). He worked for some years in the laboratories of the Department of the Environment, Government of Canada, emphasizing research on mathematical and experimental analysis of ecological processes, particularly predator/prey dynamics. Since then, he has been, at various times, Professor and Director of the Institute of Resource Ecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, and Director of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Vienna, Austria. During this period, his research emphasized theoretical and applied aspects of ecological systems and ecological policy and adaptive environmental assessment and management. The goal has been to blend concepts of stability theory and ecology with modelling and policy analysis. He now occupies the Arthur R. Marshall Jr. Chair in Ecological Sciences at the University of Florida and has launched a comparative study of the structure and dynamics of ecosystems. The Boreal Forests and the Everglades are providing the initial focus for modelling and analysis. The key scientific question is how these systems are organized across scales from centimetres and hundreds of kilometres in space and months to millennia in time. The key policy question is how these systems might respond to global climate change.